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Sudomotor
What is Sudomotor Sympathetic Response Analysis?
BodyComp-Plus Sudomotor-Pro Diagnostic’s
Introduction:
SudoCheck has been created to enable a precise evaluation of sweat gland function. Based on a measuring method, patients place their hands and feet on stainless-steel electrodes. The method uses low voltage to stimulate the sweat glands and measure the electrochemical reaction between electrodes and chloride ions. This active, new method provides information and evidence of a sweat dysfunction that might otherwise not be detectable in physiological conditions. The SudoCheck system, represents a sympathetic skin response device that provides skin conductance measurements on a computer screen.
SudoCheck is, similar to a galvanic skin response stress test, a functional test that measures the sweat glands' capacity to release chloride ions following an electrochemical stimulation. It works by measuring the electrical potential difference caused by the electrochemical reaction of electrodes, which are applied to the skin and stimulated by a low voltage of variable amplitude. SudoCheck provides information that determines the cardiometabolic risk in patients.
Advantages:
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It does not require any patient preparation, such as blood drawing or fasting.
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Non-invasive and delivers immediate results, with findings within 3 minutes.
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It was developed for general practitioners, cardiologists, and neurologists to assist in the effective screening of cardiometabolic risk in patients.
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Evaluate patients with Diabetes Mellitus, as an instrument to assess autonomic neuropathy and neuropathic pain.
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Operates with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 95%.
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Results suggest that the peripheral autonomic nervous system plays a role in painful diabetic neuropathy.
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Results correlated significantly with clinical neuropathy scores, pain scores and measures of autonomic dysfunction.
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Evaluate in patients with Diabetes Mellitusm, as an instrument to assess autonomic neuropathy and neuropathic pain.
SudoCheck is an innovative, sensitive tool for detecting diabetic neuropathy, especially painful diabetic neuropathy. As sweat glands are innervated by small C fibers, which are also involved in pain pathways, precise measuring of sweat gland function can identify the cause.
Analytical Overview:
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Small unmyelinated C-fibers are responsible for the function of sweat glands
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Sudomotor dysfunction has been established as one of the earliest detectable neurophysiologic abnormalities in distal small fiber neuropathies.
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A quantitative assessment of sweat response is an index of the severity and distribution of automatic failure. It will also serve as an early indicator for the regeneration of small fibers.
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Diabetic patients have been observed to experience a degeneration of small C-fiber innervating sweat glands.
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Measures bio electrochemical sweat skin conductances (BEC) are directly connected to the capability of the glands to transfer chloride ions and which reflects small-C fiber status.
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SudoCheck is a fast and easy method to measure sweat function
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Evaluation Of Sudomotor Function
Why evaluate sudomotor function?
The study of sudomotor presents a valuable tool to assess autonomic disorders. Sudomotor function is known to reflect sympathetic activity and provide insight into postganglionic autonomic innervation.
Recent clinical studies have shown that the level of glycemia influenced conventional tests. SudoCheck, however, has proven to be a reproducible and quantitative test method. In addition, SudoCheck's Bio Electrochemical Sweat Conductance (BEC) reflects sympathetic dependent sweat function.
Evaluation of sudomotor function in diabetes
On of the significant causes of nerve damage is diabetes. Diabetic patients suffer from metabolic impairment and related inflammatory processes. As a result, their non-myelinated axons of small fiber nerves are primarily affected and known as Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy (DAN).
Small fiber nerves are early victims of diabetes
While symptoms remain sub-clinical, diabetes affects the peripheral nervous system, and small nerve fibers are usually the first victims. SudoCheck was developed as a new device to follow up on complications related to diabetes.
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Left side - Normal innervation of a sweat gland at the distal leg in a healthy person.
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Right side - Reduced innervation of a sweat gland in a diabetic patient.
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Theoretical Background And Methods
The most prevalent complication of type-2 diabetes is Peripheral neuropathy. Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN) has proven to be the highest risk factor for silent ischemia in patients with diabetes, and yet, in the field of neuropathy, it is probably still the most overlooked area. A non-biased and non-invasive way to assess sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation of the heart rate is HRV or Heart Rate Variability.
Sweat glands are stimulated by thin and non-myelinated sympathetic C-fibers that, depending on their lengths, can be damaged by peripheral neuropathy. With the understanding that functional disorder of sudomotor has been confirmed in pre-diabetes and diabetes, the ADA suggests in a consensus explanation that sudomotor function should be part of the diagnostic test for the early detection of neuropathies in diabetes patients. Despite the fact that a number of different methods have been developed, the lack of quick, easy-to-use tests for the diagnosis of sudomotor dysfunction has hindered its use in clinical practice in a broader format. With SudoCheck, a new device for quantitative assessment of sudomotor function has been developed. It is non-invasive, produces quick results and is even a useful tool to screen sympathetic system dysfunction in patients with Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) or diabetes, as a number of studies have shown.
Sudomotor Autonmic Assessments